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Our Work

Publications

Our publications keep professionals informed on the most important developments and issues in health security and biosecurity.

Showing 41 - 60 of 477 results

Written Comment Re: Implications of Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) Commitments/Regimes and Other Proposed Commitments in the WHO Pandemic Agreement

Publication Type
In response

Group-based trajectory models of integrated vaccine delivery and equity in low- and middle-income countries

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International Journal for Equity in Health
Publication Type
Article

Integrated vaccine delivery – the linkage of routine vaccination with provision of other essential health services – is a hallmark of robust primary care systems that has been linked to equitable improvements in population health outcomes.

Lost in translation: the importance of addressing language inequities in global health security

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BMJ Global Health
Publication Type
Article

Language inequities in global health stem from colonial legacies, and global health security is no exception. The International Health Regulations (IHRs), a legally binding framework published by the WHO, lay the foundation for global health security and state the roles and responsibilities States Parties are compelled to follow to improve their capabilities to prevent, detect and respond to potential public health emergencies of international concern.

Authors
Alanna S. Fogarty
Mohammed J Ahmed
Aso Zangana
Karim Muftin
Claire J. Standley

Development of the FlagIt Report and Response System for Concerning or Harassing Messages Related to Public Health Work

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Journal of Public Health Management and Practice
Publication Type
Article

In response to growing reports of concerning/harassing messages and backlash related to public health work, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health established the FlagIt report and response system. The system uses a dedicated FlagIt email inbox for faculty and staff to report harassing or concerning messages related to public-facing work and has an autoreply message sharing available institutional resources.

Shaping the future US bioeconomy through safety, security, sustainability, and social responsibility

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Trends in Biotechnology
Publication Type
Editorial

Biomanufacturing practitioners and researchers describe the norms that should govern the growing, global field, to include safety, security, sustainability, and social responsibility. These ‘4S Principles’ should be broadly adopted so that the future of the field may provide the greatest benefits to society.

Authors
Aurelia Attal-Juncqua
Galen Dods
Nicole Crain
James Diggans
David Dodds
Steve Evans
Nick Fackler
Kevin Flyangolts
Kathleen Gibson
Margaret E. Kosal
Aditya Kunjapur
Russ Read
Brian Renda
Corinne D. Scown
Kissaou Tchedre
Krista Ternus
Beth Vitalis
Dissecting Pandemic-Prone Viral Families, Volume 1: The Picornaviridae

Dissecting Pandemic-Prone Viral Families, Volume 1: The Picornaviridae

Publication Type
Report

Among the approximately 2 dozen families of viruses that have the capacity to infect humans, roughly 25% of these families have pandemic potential (Figure 1). Specifically, this capacity is conferred by their ability to be transmitted via the respiratory route.1 Devising response plans for each of these 6 viral families — Adenoviridae, Coronaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Picornaviridae, Pneumoviridae, and Orthomyxoviridae — is essential for pandemic preparedness.

Authors

Contagion, Care, and Interdependence in Pandemics

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Health Security
Publication Type
Article

How we share in the work of caring for one another during a pandemic is a common thread in the papers comprising this special feature. The collection itself represents another round of retrospection and forward thinking about ways to improve upon readiness and response for a catastrophic health event now that we have lived through the COVID-19 pandemic.

One Health Systems Assessment for Priority Zoonoses

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Georgetown University Center for Global Health Science & Security and Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security
Publication Type
Report

A tool for cross-sectoral prioritization of zoonotic diseases, and mapping of systems for One Health coordination.

Authors
Alanna S. Fogarty
Lauren N. Miller
Claire J. Standley

Mass-gathering decision making and its implementation during the COVID-19 pandemic

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The Lancet
Publication Type
Article

Mass-gathering events are a public health challenge and have the potential to amplify the transmission of infectious diseases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, WHO and the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA)—a WHO Collaborating Centre for Global Health Security—developed a global database of mass gatherings, which we continue to maintain. The purpose of this database is to monitor the planning and execution of mass-gathering events and to document the uptake of WHO-recommended policies by organisers; for example, the use of a risk-based approach.

Authors
Amaia Artazcoz Glaria
Albis Francesco Gabrielli
Rebecca Grant
Nedret Emiroglu
et al.

Building Case Investigation and Contact Tracing Programs in US State and Local Health Departments: A Conceptual Framework

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Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
Publication Type
Article

At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to this day, US state, tribal, local, and territorial health departments lacked comprehensive case investigation and contact tracing (CI/CT) guidelines that clearly define the capabilities and capacities of CI/CT programs and how to scale up these programs to respond to outbreaks. This research aims to identify the capabilities and capacities of CI/CT programs and to develop a conceptual framework that represents the relationships between these program components.

Authors
Alexandra Woodward

Advancing Governance Frameworks for Frontier AIxBio: Key Takeaways and Action Items from the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security Meeting with Industry, Government, and NGOs

Publication Type
Meeting Report

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems, including foundation models such as large language models (LLMs), are rapidly becoming more powerful, and governments and industry are racing to better understand the potential benefits and risks of this technology.

Innovative approaches to COVID-19 medical countermeasure development

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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Publication Type
Article

The COVID-19 pandemic, while unfortunately notable for immense strain and death throughout the world, has also shown great promise in the development of medical countermeasures. As the global scientific community shifted almost entirely towards vaccines, diagnostics and therapeutics, new trial designs most significantly adaptive platform trials, began to be used with greater speed and broader reach. These designs allowed for deploying and investigating new therapeutics, repurposing currently existing therapeutics and flexibly removing or adding additional medications as data appeared in real-time. Moreover, public–private sector partnering occurred at a level not seen before, contributing greatly to the rapid development and deployment of vaccines.

Authors
Gavin Harris

Wastewater Collection and Sequencing as a Proactive Approach to Utilizing Threat Agnostic Biological Defense

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Health Security
Publication Type
Article

Never before has the ability to rapidly detect and characterize any pathogen, be it known or novel, been so important to protecting global health. Pathogen agnostic tools, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), enhance global biological defense and public health by addressing this exact need, but they must be deployed in a proactive manner to reach their full benefit. Using pathogen agnostic tools only during an outbreak is too retroactive and does not allow time for containment, particularly of a novel pathogen. In this commentary, we propose the development of national guidelines for a proactive, pathogen agnostic wastewater surveillance system in the United States with a focus on localities identified for risk of zoonoses and international ports of entry.

Authors
Zev Goldberg
Lauren N. Miller

Post-epidemic health system recovery: A comparative case study analysis of routine immunization programs in the Republics of Haiti and Liberia

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PLoS One
Publication Type
Article

Large-scale epidemics in resource-constrained settings disrupt delivery of core health services, such as routine immunization. Rebuilding and strengthening routine immunization programs following epidemics is an essential step toward improving vaccine equity and averting future outbreaks. We performed a comparative case study analysis of routine immunization program recovery in Liberia and Haiti following the 2014-16 West Africa Ebola epidemic and 2010s cholera epidemic, respectively.

Protecting Your Health at Work: A Brief Guide on Indoor Air Quality for Immunocompromised Individuals & Transplant Recipients

Protecting Your Health at Work: A Brief Guide on Indoor Air Quality for Immunocompromised Individuals & Transplant Recipients

Publication Type
Fact Sheet

The Model State Indoor Air Quality Act

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JAMA
Publication Type
Article

The Model State Indoor Air Quality Act (MSIAQA)1 developed in collaboration with national advisors adopts science-based regulatory standards, such as testing, enhanced air filtration, system maintenance, and ventilation, to advance the public’s health and increase occupant productivity—ensuring that public indoor environments provide healthy air to breathe.

Authors
Lawrence O. Gostin
James G. Hodge, Jr

Reimagining Preparedness in the Era of COVID-19

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Health Security
Publication Type
Article

In late December 2019, novel human pneumonia cases were detected in Wuhan City, China. By February 2020, the disease was officially named coronavirus 19 (COVID-19),1 and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic.2 As of March 30, 2022, the total number of deaths in the United States had reached 976,229 with nearly 80 million reported cases.

Authors
Laura Biesiadecki
Beth Hess
on behalf of the members of the 2022 Preparedness Summit Planning Committee

Data and Disasters: Essential Information Needed for All Healthcare Threats

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Health Security
Publication Type
Article

The COVID-19 pandemic may serve as a prime example of a 21st century public health emergency, an event accelerated and amplified by global interconnectedness, systemic fragility, and public misinformation. However, the United States continues to address this and other threats with distinctly 20th century information tools. This must change. Health emergency preparedness for modern threats requires rapid situational awareness, achieved only through common data elements, enforced information standards, investment in innovation, expert data analysis, and private sector engagement. To protect the health and safety of Americans, we must confront these challenges now and change the narrative of our future responses.

Authors
John L. Hick
Dan Hanfling
Paul D. Biddinger
James V. Lawler

Fighting the infodemic: the 4 i Framework for Advancing Communication and Trust

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BMC Public Health
Publication Type
Article

The proliferation of false and misleading health claims poses a major threat to public health. This ongoing “infodemic” has prompted numerous organizations to develop tools and approaches to manage the spread of falsehoods and communicate more effectively in an environment of mistrust and misleading information. However, these tools and approaches have not been systematically characterized, limiting their utility. This analysis provides a characterization of the current ecosystem of infodemic management strategies, allowing public health practitioners, communicators, researchers, and policy makers to gain an understanding of the tools at their disposal.

Authors
Annie Sundelson
Amelia Jamison
Noelle Huhn
Sarah-Louise Pasquino